Native App：关键概念，iOS和Android原生开发

import SwiftUI
import SwiftData

// 1. 使用SwiftData的数据模型
@Model
final class TaskItem {
    var title: String
    var isCompleted: Bool
    var createdAt: Date

    init(title: String) {
        self.title = title
        self.isCompleted = false
        self.createdAt = Date()
    }
}

// 2. 带有业务逻辑的ViewModel
@Observable
final class TaskViewModel {
    var tasks: [TaskItem] = []

    func addTask(title: String, context: ModelContext) {
        let task = TaskItem(title: title)
        context.insert(task)
        tasks.append(task)
    }

    func toggleTask(task: TaskItem) {
        task.isCompleted.toggle()
    }
}

// 3. 应用程序主屏幕
struct ContentView: View {
    @Environment(\.modelContext) private var context
    @State private var viewModel = TaskViewModel()
    @State private var newTaskTitle = ""
    @Query private var tasks: [TaskItem]

    var body: some View {
        NavigationStack {
            List {
                Section(header: Text("新任务")) {
                    HStack {
                        TextField("输入名称", text: $newTaskTitle)
                        Button("添加") {
                            addTask()
                        }
                        .disabled(newTaskTitle.isEmpty)
                    }
                }
                Section(header: Text("任务列表")) {
                    ForEach(tasks) { task in
                        HStack {
                            Image(systemName: task.isCompleted ? "checkmark.circle.fill" : "circle")
                                .onTapGesture { viewModel.toggleTask(task: task) }
                            Text(task.title)
                                .strikethrough(task.isCompleted)
                            Spacer()
                            Text(task.createdAt, style: .date)
                                .font(.caption)
                                .foregroundColor(.secondary)
                        }
                    }
                    .onDelete { indexSet in
                        for index in indexSet {
                            context.delete(tasks[index])
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            .navigationTitle("我的任务")
        }
    }

    private func addTask() {
        guard !newTaskTitle.isEmpty else { return }
        viewModel.addTask(title: newTaskTitle, context: context)
        newTaskTitle = ""
    }
}

// 1. Entity Room — 数据模型
@Entity(tableName = "tasks")
data class TaskEntity(
    @PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true) val id: Int = 0,
    val title: String,
    val isCompleted: Boolean = false,
    val createdAt: Long = System.currentTimeMillis()
)

// 2. DAO — 数据库查询
@Dao
interface TaskDao {
    @Query("SELECT * FROM tasks ORDER BY createdAt DESC")
    fun getAllTasks(): Flow<List<TaskEntity>>

    @Insert
    suspend fun insertTask(task: TaskEntity)

    @Delete
    suspend fun deleteTask(task: TaskEntity)
}

// 3. 带有业务逻辑的ViewModel
class TaskViewModel(private val dao: TaskDao) : ViewModel() {
    val tasks: StateFlow<List<TaskEntity>> = dao
        .getAllTasks()
        .stateIn(viewModelScope, SharingStarted.WhileSubscribed(5000), emptyList())

    fun addTask(title: String) {
        viewModelScope.launch {
            dao.insertTask(TaskEntity(title = title))
        }
    }

    fun toggleTask(task: TaskEntity) {
        viewModelScope.launch {
            dao.insertTask(task.copy(isCompleted = !task.isCompleted))
        }
    }
}

// 4. Compose UI
@Composable
fun TaskScreen(viewModel: TaskViewModel = viewModel()) {
    val tasks by viewModel.tasks.collectAsState()
    var newTitle by remember { mutableStateOf("") }

    Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(16.dp)) {
        Text("我的任务", style = MaterialTheme.typography.headlineMedium)

        Row(
            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(vertical = 8.dp)
        ) {
            OutlinedTextField(
                value = newTitle,
                onValueChange = { newTitle = it },
                label = { Text("新任务") },
                modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)
            )
            Button(
                onClick = { viewModel.addTask(newTitle); newTitle = "" },
                enabled = newTitle.isNotBlank()
            ) {
                Text("添加")
            }
        }

        LazyColumn {
            items(tasks, key = { it.id }) { task ->
                Row(
                    modifier = Modifier
                        .fillMaxWidth()
                        .clickable { viewModel.toggleTask(task) }
                        .padding(vertical = 4.dp),
                    verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically
                ) {
                    Checkbox(checked = task.isCompleted, onCheckedChange = { viewModel.toggleTask(task) })
                    Text(
                        text = task.title,
                        textDecoration = if (task.isCompleted) TextDecoration.LineThrough else TextDecoration.None
                    )
                }
            }
        }
    }
}