NDK Android: 네이티브 개발 키트와 C++를 위한 JNI의 이해

ndk/
  toolchains/
    llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/
      bin/        // Clang, ld, llvm-profdata
      sysroot/    // Android API 헤더 파일
  platforms/
    android-26/  // API 26용 libc, libm, libdl
    android-34/
  sources/
    cxx-stl/     // libc++ 헤더
  build/
    cmake/       // CMake 툴체인 파일

class NativeBridge {
    companion object {
        init {
            System.loadLibrary("native-lib")
        }
    }

    external fun stringFromJNI(): String
    external fun fibonacci(n: Int): Long
    external fun processBuffer(data: ByteArray): ByteArray
}

// 코드에서 사용
val bridge = NativeBridge()
println(bridge.stringFromJNI())  // "Hello from C++"

#include <jni.h>
#include <string>

extern "C" JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_com_example_app_NativeBridge_stringFromJNI(
    JNIEnv* env, jobject /* this */) {
    std::string hello = "Hello from C++ NDK";
    return env->NewStringUTF(hello.c_str());
}

extern "C" JNIEXPORT jlong JNICALL
Java_com_example_app_NativeBridge_fibonacci(
    JNIEnv* env, jobject /* this */, jint n) {
    if (n <= 1) return n;
    jlong a = 0, b = 1;
    for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
        jlong temp = a + b;
        a = b;
        b = temp;
    }
    return b;
}

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.22.1)
project("nativelib")

# 헤더 파일 포함
include_directories(src/main/cpp/include)

# 네이티브 라이브러리 생성
add_library(
    native-lib
    SHARED
    src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp
    src/main/cpp/math_utils.cpp
    src/main/cpp/audio_processor.cpp
)

# Android 시스템 라이브러리 링크
target_link_libraries(
    native-lib
    android
    log
    OpenSLES
    # libc++ 자동 링크
)

# 최적화 플래그
target_compile_options(native-lib PRIVATE -O3 -Wall -Wextra)

android {
    defaultConfig {
        ndk {
            // 빌드 대상 ABI
            abiFilters "arm64-v8a", "armeabi-v7a", "x86_64"
        }
    }
    externalNativeBuild {
        cmake {
            path "CMakeLists.txt"
            version "3.22.1"
        }
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            externalNativeBuild {
                cmake {
                    arguments "-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

#include <jni.h>
#include <android/api-level.h>

extern "C" JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_com_example_app_NativeBridge_getABIInfo(
    JNIEnv* env, jobject /* this */) {

    #if defined(__arm__)
        #if defined(__ARM_ARCH_7A__)
            return env->NewStringUTF("armeabi-v7a");
        #endif
    #elif defined(__aarch64__)
        return env->NewStringUTF("arm64-v8a");
    #elif defined(__x86_64__)
        return env->NewStringUTF("x86_64");
    #elif defined(__i386__)
        return env->NewStringUTF("x86");
    #endif

    return env->NewStringUTF("unknown");
}

#include <jni.h>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>

extern "C" JNIEXPORT jfloatArray JNICALL
Java_com_example_app_NativeBridge_normalizeArray(
    JNIEnv* env, jobject, jfloatArray input) {

    jsize len = env->GetArrayLength(input);
    jfloat* elements = env->GetFloatArrayElements(input, nullptr);

    // 평균 및 표준 편차 계산
    float sum = 0.0f, sumSq = 0.0f;
    for (jsize i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        sum += elements[i];
        sumSq += elements[i] * elements[i];
    }
    float mean = sum / len;
    float stddev = std::sqrt(sumSq / len - mean * mean);

    // 정규화: (x - mean) / stddev
    jfloat* result = new jfloat[len];
    for (jsize i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        result[i] = (elements[i] - mean) / stddev;
    }

    env->ReleaseFloatArrayElements(input, elements, JNI_ABORT);
    jfloatArray output = env->NewFloatArray(len);
    env->SetFloatArrayRegion(output, 0, len, result);
    delete[] result;
    return output;
}

#include <android/log.h>
#define LOG_TAG "NativeLib"
#define LOGD(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)

extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_example_app_NativeBridge_processData(
    JNIEnv* env, jobject, jint count) {

    LOGD("Processing %d items", count);

    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        // 무거운 처리
        LOGD("Item %d processed", i);
    }

    LOGD("Processing complete");
}