SwiftUIの@FetchRequestとは — Core Dataのフェッチとメカニズム

struct TaskListView: View {
    @Environment(\.managedObjectContext) var viewContext

    @FetchRequest(
        sortDescriptors: [
            NSSortDescriptor(keyPath: \.Task.dueDate, ascending: true),
            NSSortDescriptor(keyPath: \.Task.priority, ascending: false)
        ],
        predicate: NSPredicate(format: "isCompleted == NO"),
        animation: .default
    )
    var tasks: FetchedResults<Task>

    var body: some View {
        List(tasks) { task in
            Text(task.title ?? "")
        }
    }
}

struct TaskListWithActions: View {
    @Environment(\.managedObjectContext) var viewContext

    @FetchRequest(
        sortDescriptors: [NSSortDescriptor(keyPath: \.Task.createdAt,
                                               ascending: false)]
    )
    var tasks: FetchedResults<Task>

    var body: some View {
        List {
            ForEach(tasks) { task in
                HStack {
                    Text(task.title ?? "")
                    Spacer()
                    Image(systemName: task.isCompleted
                               ? "checkmark.circle.fill"
                               : "circle")
                }
                .onTapGesture { toggleTask(task) }
            }
            .onDelete(perform: deleteTasks)
        }
        .toolbar {
            Button(systemImage: "plus") { addTask() }
        }
    }

    private func addTask() {
        let newTask = Task(context: viewContext)
        newTask.title = "New task \(tasks.count + 1)"
        newTask.createdAt = Date()
        try? viewContext.save()
    }

    private func toggleTask(_ task: Task) {
        task.isCompleted.toggle()
        try? viewContext.save()
    }

    private func deleteTasks(at offsets: IndexSet) {
        for index in offsets {
            viewContext.delete(tasks[index])
        }
        try? viewContext.save()
    }
}

struct JournalEntryView: View {
    @Environment(\.managedObjectContext) var viewContext
    @State private var searchText = ""

    private var searchPredicate: NSPredicate? {
        guard !searchText.isEmpty else { return nil }
        return NSPredicate(format: "title CONTAINS[c] %@", searchText)
    }

    @FetchRequest var entries: FetchedResults<JournalEntry>

    init(searchText: String) {
        let sort = [NSSortDescriptor(keyPath: \.JournalEntry.date,
                                           ascending: false)]
        let pred: NSPredicate? = searchText.isEmpty
            ? nil
            : NSPredicate(format: "title CONTAINS[c] %@ OR content CONTAINS[c] %@",
                          searchText, searchText)
        self._entries = FetchRequest(
            sortDescriptors: sort,
            predicate: pred,
            animation: .default
        )
    }

    var body: some View {
        List(entries) { entry in
            VStack(alignment: .leading) {
                Text(entry.title ?? "").font(.headline)
                Text(entry.content ?? "").font(.subheadline)
                    .lineLimit(2)
            }
        }
        .searchable(text: $searchText)
    }
}