LazyColumn — what is it, efficient lists in Compose

// Basic LazyColumn with itemContent
@Composable
fun ArticleList(articles: List<Article>) {
    LazyColumn(
        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
        contentPadding = PaddingValues(16.dp),
        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)
    ) {
        // Header — not lazy, always at the top
        item {
            Text("Latest articles", style = MaterialTheme.typography.headlineMedium)
        }

        // Article list with key by id
        items(articles, key = { it.id }) { article ->
            ArticleCard(
                title = article.title,
                summary = article.summary,
                onClick = { onArticleClick(article.id) }
            )
        }

        // Footer with loading indicator
        item {
            CircularProgressIndicator(
                modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(16.dp)
            )
        }
    }
}

// Custom list item
@Composable
fun ArticleCard(title: String, summary: String, onClick: () -> Unit) {
    Card(
        modifier = Modifier
            .fillMaxWidth()
            .clickable(onClick = onClick)
    ) {
        Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(12.dp)) {
            Text(text = title, style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleMedium)
            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(4.dp))
            Text(text = summary, style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium)
        }
    }
}

// LazyColumn with scroll position preservation
@Composable
fun ScrollingList(items: List<Item>) {
    val listState = rememberLazyListState()

    Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
        LazyColumn(state = listState) {
            items(items, key = { it.id }) { item ->
                ListItemView(item = item)
            }
        }

        // "Scroll up" button appears after the 10th element
        val showButton by remember {
            derivedStateOf { listState.firstVisibleItemIndex > 10 }
        }

        AnimatedVisibility(visible = showButton) {
            FloatingActionButton(
                modifier = Modifier
                    .align(Alignment.BottomEnd)
                    .padding(16.dp),
                onClick = {
                    coroutineScope.launch {
                        listState.animateScrollToItem(0)
                    }
                }
            ) {
                Icon(Icons.Default.KeyboardArrowUp, "Scroll to top")
            }
        }
    }
}

// Getting visible items info
@Composable
fun ListDebugInfo(listState: LazyListState) {
    val visibleItems = listState.layoutInfo.visibleItemsInfo
    val totalItems = listState.layoutInfo.totalItemsCount
    val firstItem = visibleItems.firstOrNull()?.index
    val lastItem = visibleItems.lastOrNull()?.index

    Text("Showing $firstItem–$lastItem of $totalItems")
}

// Grid with adaptive columns
@Composable
fun PhotoGrid(photos: List<Photo>) {
    LazyVerticalGrid(
        columns = GridCells.Adaptive(minSize = 128.dp),
        contentPadding = PaddingValues(8.dp),
        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp),
        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)
    ) {
        items(photos, key = { it.id }) { photo ->
            AsyncImage(
                model = photo.url,
                contentDescription = photo.title,
                modifier = Modifier.aspectRatio(1f)
            )
        }
    }
}

// Horizontal list (LazyRow)
@Composable
fun CategoryCarousel(categories: List<Category>) {
    LazyRow(
        contentPadding = PaddingValues(horizontal = 16.dp),
        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(12.dp)
    ) {
        items(categories, key = { it.id }) { category ->
            FilterChip(
                selected = category.isSelected,
                onClick = { onCategoryClick(category.id) },
                label = { Text(category.name) }
            )
        }
    }
}

// Optimized LazyColumn with contentType and prefetch
@Composable
fun OptimizedFeed(items: List<FeedItem>) {
    val listState = rememberLazyListState()

    LazyColumn(
        state = listState,
        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
        beyondBoundsPageCount = 2  // prefetch 2 screens
    ) {
        items(
            items = items,
            key = { it.id },
            contentType = { it.type }  // division by type
        ) { item ->
            when (item) {
                is FeedItem.Post -> PostView(item)
                is FeedItem.Ad -> AdView(item)
                is FeedItem.Suggested -> SuggestedView(item)
            }
        }
    }
}

// Performance measurement via listState
@Composable
fun ScrollPerformance(listState: LazyListState) {
    val scrollInfo = listState.layoutInfo
    val visibleCount = scrollInfo.visibleItemsInfo.size
    val total = scrollInfo.totalItemsCount

    // derivedStateOf — does not recompose if value hasn't changed
    val scrollProgress by remember {
        derivedStateOf {
            if (total > 0) visibleCount.toFloat() / total else 0f
        }
    }

    LinearProgressIndicator(
        progress = scrollProgress,
        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().height(2.dp)
    )
}